Introduction: the article deals with challenges of protection of rights and interests of victims of crimes in economic activity in pre-trial proceedings. Based on the study, the author substantiates the need to improve the legal regulation of protection of rights and legitimate interests of victim by amending the Code of Criminal Procedure. Materials and Methods: during the research the author used materials of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation on the state of crime in the Russian Federation in January - July of 2018, and materials on the main indicators of activities of bodies of Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation for 2011 - 2018. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of cognition, within which private-scientific methods were used: system-structural, logical, logical and semantic, comparative law methods. Results: on the basis of the study the author substantiates the need to improve the legal regulation of protection of rights and legitimate interests of victim by amending the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation in terms of expanding the list of necessary actions, namely the seizure of objects and documents, the order of their conduct during the pre-investigation inspection of reports of crimes in the field of economic activity. The author of the article also considers the necessity to provide for the right of authorized persons to arrest the persons who avoid to give testimony on the proceedings of the inspection.